hardened; hardening ˈhärd-niŋ How to pronounce harden (audio)
ˈhär-dᵊn-iŋ
Synonyms of hardennext

transitive verb

1
: to make hard or harder
2
: to confirm in disposition, feelings, or action
especially : to make callous
hardened his heart
3
a
: inure, toughen
harden troops
b
: to inure to unfavorable environmental conditions (such as cold)
… work to mitigate future fires by clearing trees and hardening homes.Jake Bittle
often used with off
harden off seedlings before transplanting
4
: to protect from blast, heat, or radiation (as by a thick barrier or placement underground)

intransitive verb

1
: to become hard or harder
2
a
: to become firm, stable, or settled
b
: to assume an appearance of harshness or severity
Her face hardened at the thought.
3
: to become gradually acclimatized to unfavorable conditions
often used with off
plants hardened off before the first frost

Examples of harden in a Sentence

The presence of certain substances in the blood can cause the arteries to harden. These additives are designed to harden the steel. substances that can harden the arteries The news has hardened opposition to the government. He had been hardened by his years of military service.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Republican Attorney General Ken Paxton, who is facing a tight contest for a Senate seat, also hardened his stance against data centers recently. Marco Quiroz-Gutierrez, Fortune, 5 Sep. 2026 The rare trip by CIA chief John Ratcliffe failed to persuade Putin to stop the war and may have hardened the Russian’s leaders resolve to seek military victory. Catherine Belton, Washington Post, 4 Sep. 2026 Iran’s leadership may be hardened by war, but the country’s economy will eventually need oil exports and reduced sanctions to survive. James F. Jeffrey, Foreign Affairs, 3 Sep. 2026 What Assange wanted was not a system hardened against attacks, but one tied in knots, hopelessly conflicted and filled with suspicion, denunciations, and purges. Finn Brunton, Harpers Magazine, 1 Sep. 2026 See All Example Sentences for harden

Word History

First Known Use

13th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of harden was in the 13th century

Browse Nearby Words

Cite this Entry

“Harden.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/harden. Accessed 7 Sep. 2026.

Kids Definition

hardened; hardening ˈhärd-niŋ How to pronounce harden (audio)
-ᵊn-iŋ
1
: to make or become hard or harder
2
: to make unfeeling or unsympathetic
hardened his heart
3
: to make or become hardy or strong
muscles hardened by exercise
4
: to protect from blast, heat, or radiation (as by a thick barrier or by placing underground)
hardened missile sites
5
a
: to become firm, stable, or settled
b
: to express harshness
hardener
ˈhärd-nər
-ᵊn-ər
noun

Biographical Definition

Harden 1 of 2

biographical name (1)

Sir Arthur 1865–1940 English chemist

Harden

2 of 2

biographical name (2)

Maximilian 1861–1927 originally Felix Ernst Witkowski German writer
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